In nature, plants may experience Fe deficiency due to low Fe supply and alkaline pH (e.g., pH greater than 7.0 makes Fe unavailable to plants) 25,26. Fe deficiency causes chlorosis 27 , 28 and
Magnesium (Mg): A lack of magnesium shows up as discoloring of the leaves between the veins: from a healthy green to a pale yellow and eventually brown – a sort of mottled appearance called ‘intervein chlorosis’. Calcium (Ca): A lack of calcium shows up as young leaves curling inwards and lacking colour, and is often a problem in acid soils. Iron and manganese are needed by plants to form chlorophyll and to complete photosynthesis. With most plants, the micronutrients iron, manganese, copper, and zinc are most available when the pH is between 5.0 and 6.5; a soil pH range between 6.0 and 6.5 is considered optimal for nutrient availability.

Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants as it involves in several important physiological processes. Understanding iron homeostasis in plants is pivotal, not only for improving their growth and development but also for enhancing human nutrition as plants are the principal dietary source of iron. This calls for the need to enrich bioavailable iron in crops to resolve iron starvation issue

Symptoms are prominent interveinal chlorosis or necrosis; veins are prominent over length of leaf. Iron deficiency: C2. Symptoms begin as lesions, broad bands, or marginal leaf tips of chlorotic tissue or as generalized yellowing; veins are not prominent * Go to F : D1. Pale green plants; chlorosis or necrosis advance from the leaf tip along Essential Plant Nutrients Iron Role and Deficiency Symptoms. Iron plays an important role in chlorophyll formation, in photosynthesis and respiration, and cell strengthening. Iron deficiency occurs on the apical leaves early in the season resulting in general yellowing (chlorosis) of young leaves and new growth. Assessing the Need for Iron . 116 9 65 324 355 122 76 277 68

deficiency symptoms of iron in plants